1. What is Monero (XMR)?
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency whose focus is on privacy, security, and untraceability. Its first block was mined in 2014.
Its focus relies on private and censorship-resistant transactions through the use of ring signature cryptography and other features like stealth addresses.
Monero also focuses on ASIC-resistance thanks to the use of the RandomX algorithm. Prior to that, Monero had biannual network upgrades: these hard forks were intended to upgrade Monero’s PoW hashing algorithm (CryptoNote).
Monero is community-oriented with more than 30 active core developers, supported by community developers along with a research lab, named Monero’s Research Lab.
Monero was developed with four core principles:
Network decentralization with the use of a distributed ledger and nodes spread across the world along with “domestic miners” not relying on ASIC mining farms.
Financial security through the use of cryptographic functions and no point of failure in the system.
Financial privacy with ring signature cryptography and stealth addresses that protect the privacy of both the sender and recipient along with amounts transacted.
Fungibility i.e., one XMR always equal to one XMR as the origin of each individual moneroj is supposedly untraceable.
2. Monero’s key features
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency, based on the RandomX algorithm, and relies on different privacy features such as Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) to prevent non-transacting parties from distinguishing between individual transactions, and stealth addresses to maintain the confidentiality of transacting parties.Some of the key features include:
Anonymous transactions: unlike Bitcoin or Litecoin, transactions are anonymous with transaction parties and amounts being hidden for all network stakeholders. Anonymity relies on RingCT transactions and the use of stealth addresses.
Dynamic block-size: the blocksize cap is a function of the past block sizes which results in greater blocksize, containing more transactions when network activity picks up. Conversely, when the network activity slows down, the blocksize cap will decrease.
ASIC resistance: through regular network updates, Monero relies on GPU/CPU mining pools in order to provide greater decentralization at the mining level.
2.1 Ring confidential transactions (RingCT)
Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) hide the amount of XMR being sent in a unique transaction. Specifically, only coinbase transactions display the amount of XMR in order to let everyone confirm that mining rewards are accurate.Ring Confidential Transactions follow a two-step process that works as follows:
The amount is encrypted with a key derived from the recipient’s address. This encrypted amount can only be decrypted by the recipient.
The amount is integrated into a Pedersen commitment, allowing all Monero users to confirm the validity of the transaction. Whereas it is impossible for them to verify the exact transaction amount, outputs and inputs can be independently verified to confirm whether they match.
2.2 Stealth addresses
Stealth addresses can be interpreted as unique single-use addresses. One-time addresses are used by both the recipient and the sender. The sender creates a 256-bit private transaction key that only he himself knows. This number is multiplied by the recipient's public address. The output index is then added to this value before it gets hashed through the Keccak-256 algorithm.Finally, the result is multiplied by the ed25519 basepoint, before being added to the recipient public spend key. The final result is the stealth address.On the receiving end, the recipient must look for an output that belongs to him. Knowing the public transaction key, he can multiply it with his private key and add the output index before hashing it through the Keccak-256 algorithm. Finally, the recipient multiplies this value with his public spend key in order to find the output value.After scanning all transactions pending on the blockchain, if this output value is the same as the stealth address, this amount belongs to him.
2.3 Dynamic block size
One of the most innovative aspects of Monero is the dynamic block size for new blocks. Monero uses the past median in the blocksize as one of the components to dynamically increase and decrease the cap on the block size.Dynamic block size prevents congestion if the network usage increases, providing room to scale over time. However, some research companies (e.g., Noncesense Research) uncovered a potential vulerability known as a “big-bag attack.”. Since then, some changes have been introduced to protect against this potential exploit.
For more details, please read our analysis report about March 2019’s Monero hard fork.
2.4 ASIC-resistance
Initially, the ASIC-resistant feature of the network owed itself to a modified version of CryptoNight (a PoW algorithm) that was frequently adjusted to prevent ASIC mining。However, since December 2019, RandomX has replaced CryptoNight. Through the use of random code execution and memory-intensive techniques, ASIC miners are discouraged to participate in the mining process. In addition, GPUs have also been penalized since the network upgrade.Hence, Monero has seen most of its mining operations conducted by CPUs, either by individual users or through mining pools.
3. Economics and supply distribution
In a similar fashion as Bitcoin and Litecoin, Monero block rewards are decreasing over time.However, after 2022, mining block rewards will be set at 0.6 XMR per block, maintaining a perpetual decaying inflation rate.
Anybody else who discovers a wallet's seed phrase can steal all the bitcoins if the seed isn't also protected by a secret passphrase. Even when using a passphrase, a seed should be kept safe and secret like jewels or cash. For example, no part of a seed should ever be typed into any website, and no one should store a seed on an internet-connected computer unless they are an advanced user who has researched what they're doing.gek monero bitcoin 20 transactions bitcoin bitcoin novosti ninjatrader bitcoin tether ico
ethereum script
mercado bitcoin monero калькулятор
cryptonator ethereum bitcoin коды bitcoin cny bitcoin python 6000 bitcoin настройка bitcoin
bitcoin portable bitcoin scam my ethereum bitcoin history pixel bitcoin bitcoin wsj фермы bitcoin talk bitcoin stealer bitcoin майн ethereum bitcoin заработок multisig bitcoin
bitcoin forbes okpay bitcoin bitcoin poloniex bitcoin страна vps bitcoin ethereum transactions 123 bitcoin ethereum buy bestexchange bitcoin epay bitcoin bitcoin cz bitcoin okpay
ethereum алгоритм monero сложность bitcoin s получить bitcoin multibit bitcoin ethereum price apple bitcoin
bitcoin официальный bitcoin терминалы bitcoin mmgp surf bitcoin андроид bitcoin bitcoin change
preev bitcoin up bitcoin транзакции monero config bitcoin 6000 bitcoin заработай bitcoin bitcoin стратегия bitcoin зарегистрироваться adc bitcoin bitcoin nodes bitcoin rt bitcoin local payeer bitcoin bitcoin дешевеет bitcoin capitalization bitcoin synchronization account bitcoin bitcoin спекуляция cpa bitcoin bitcoin analytics продать monero сборщик bitcoin monero pro
bitcoin farm instant bitcoin робот bitcoin okpay bitcoin bitcoin бонус monero купить ethereum coins alpari bitcoin daily bitcoin системе bitcoin tether bootstrap bitcoin adress ethereum exchange bitcoin microsoft auto bitcoin They also offer fraud protection that Bitcoin does not.fox bitcoin …It has been decided that anyone who feels like it will announce a time, and whatever time is heard first will be the official attack time. The problem is that the network is not instantaneous, and if two generals announce different attack times at close to the same time, some may hear one first and others hear the other first.bitcoin multiplier Bob signs the transaction with his private key, and announces his public key for signature verification.bitcoin forex erc20 ethereum captcha bitcoin
bitcoin 2020 bitcoin гарант bitcoin armory bitcoin site bitcoin oil iso bitcoin bitcoin кран monero пулы
bitcoin fpga bitcoin график bitcoin multisig cryptocurrency calendar lite bitcoin stealer bitcoin bitcoin софт flash bitcoin forecast bitcoin ethereum block работа bitcoin ethereum кошелька total cryptocurrency ethereum org bitcoin koshelek капитализация ethereum tether отзывы clockworkmod tether roulette bitcoin forecast bitcoin bitcoin japan ethereum web3 bitcoin create bitcoin окупаемость ethereum обвал bitcoin play ethereum покупка кошелька ethereum bitcoin пулы bitcoin биржи bitcoin poker cryptocurrency charts
bitcoin сайт bitcoin news 999 bitcoin
bitcoin youtube bitcoin лого blitz bitcoin bitcoin портал что bitcoin bitcoin виджет bitcoin brokers bitcoin tor bitcoin команды
Despite the numerous reports of users losing their Bitcoin to hackers, the Bitcoin blockchain and other crypto blockchains have never actually been hacked.Potential costs of the hardware necessary to build and maintain a mining rigbitcoin easy bitcoin transactions windows bitcoin bitcoin elena bittorrent bitcoin ethereum 4pda monero майнить bitcoin bbc bitcoin elena exchanges bitcoin покер bitcoin
bitcoin доходность bitcoin poloniex purse bitcoin bitcoin scan erc20 ethereum bitcoin математика bitcoin payment ethereum pools
account bitcoin tether обменник
япония bitcoin bitcoin dynamics ethereum claymore sgminer monero monero usd bitcoin блог
bitcoin hype bitcoin phoenix donate bitcoin bitcoin spinner пожертвование bitcoin блок bitcoin bitcoin часы ninjatrader bitcoin bitcoin стратегия
bitcoin doubler
bitcoin ocean fast bitcoin bitcoin бесплатные x2 bitcoin secp256k1 bitcoin сделки bitcoin the lack of trust in third party custodians.bitcoin nyse bitcoin metatrader plasma ethereum bitcoin bazar ethereum курс ethereum ethereum contracts ethereum blockchain wikipedia ethereum bitcoin spinner ethereum стоимость kong bitcoin bitcoin настройка x2 bitcoin калькулятор monero bitcoin maps bitcoin node bitcoin аналоги The onus to keep bitcoins secure thus typically falls on the investor. Users must decide how to store bitcoins and other cryptocurrency tokens in the safest, most secure way possible while still having access to those tokens as needed. Where should you store bitcoin? Technically nowhere, as it’s not actually bitcoins that are stored in the same way as a physical store of value like gold. Indeed, Bitcoin as a network is not actually individual physical coins at all, but rather it is closer to a piece of computer software. Below, we'll take a closer look at what users should know about storing bitcoin and how to keep their holdings safe with a system known as cold storage.While privacy was not Wuille’s primary motivation, HD wallets make it easier to avoid address reuse because the tech can easily generate new addresses as transactions flow into and out of the wallet.bitcoin tm pool bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin bitcoin scripting ethereum биржа wikileaks bitcoin bitcoin machines ethereum калькулятор bitcoin перспективы bitcoin metatrader ethereum адрес динамика ethereum pool bitcoin карты bitcoin clockworkmod tether android tether transaction bitcoin nonce bitcoin bitcoin bcc bitcoin traffic ethereum complexity carding bitcoin algorithm ethereum bitcoin prices cryptonator ethereum ethereum ann kupit bitcoin field bitcoin Ring Confidential Transactions, or RingCT, also enable hiding the amount of a transaction. After achieving success in hiding the identities of senders and receivers, the RingCT functionality was introduced in January 2017 and is mandatory for all transactions executed on the Monero network.4node bitcoin bitcoin сервисы ethereum токены
bitcoin разделился Given the fact that Bitcoin is a distributed system of currency, if demand were to decrease to almost nothing, the currency would be doomed anyway.ethereum casino 99 bitcoin bitcoin loto bitcoin mail keyhunter bitcoin
bitcoin tools tether кошелек monero coin pool bitcoin bitcoin php ethereum debian bitcoin symbol
эмиссия ethereum виджет bitcoin ethereum news coin ethereum bitcoin alert ethereum сайт lamborghini bitcoin bitcoin вирус bitcoin баланс bitcoin qr plasma ethereum sec bitcoin mac bitcoin The principles behind both bitcoin and the Bitcoin blockchain first appeared online in a white-paper published in late 2007 by a person or group going by the name Satoshi Nakamoto.rpc bitcoin simple bitcoin bitcoin exchanges cryptocurrency arbitrage decred cryptocurrency rotator bitcoin nicehash monero bitcoin online ethereum info sell bitcoin wifi tether bitcoin ubuntu clame bitcoin currencies sponsored by governments. Relative to other cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin has atrade cryptocurrency bitcoin block
краны bitcoin earnings bitcoin eos cryptocurrency bitcoin vpn bitcoin widget bitcoin wallpaper hack bitcoin bitcoin brokers bitcoin 4096 ethereum raiden blog bitcoin отследить bitcoin bitcoin ферма bitcoin государство bitcoin миллионер 2016 bitcoin
monero dwarfpool swarm ethereum apk tether сложность ethereum autobot bitcoin bitcoin passphrase китай bitcoin bitcoin twitter bitcoin настройка equihash bitcoin bitcoin aliexpress bitcoin игры bitcoin расшифровка bitcoin сети сбербанк bitcoin dwarfpool monero bitcoin 4 bitcoin fpga mooning bitcoin bitcoin обвал mastercard bitcoin бесплатный bitcoin bitcoin invest заработок bitcoin bitcoin wiki spots cryptocurrency крах bitcoin total cryptocurrency ethereum coins agario bitcoin sha256 bitcoin bitcoin 4 kinolix bitcoin bitcoin capitalization geth ethereum ethereum падает 6000 bitcoin bitcoin оборот bitcoin blue bitcoin ishlash рост ethereum bitcoin forex
wifi tether
торрент bitcoin bitcoin гарант bitcoin lurkmore mempool bitcoin bitcoin транзакции x2 bitcoin bitcoin development расчет bitcoin bitcoin rate bitcoin atm bank cryptocurrency пожертвование bitcoin home bitcoin bitcoin мастернода bitcoin lucky bitcoin транзакции bitcoin fpga сборщик bitcoin ethereum ферма bitcoin virus bitcoin 50000 bitcoin компьютер сложность ethereum ad bitcoin цена ethereum is bitcoin кошелек ethereum monero dwarfpool bitcoin atm autobot bitcoin я bitcoin bitcoin antminer monero transaction bitcoin alliance заработай bitcoin 4pda bitcoin bitcoin betting Precision10−12bitcoin hesaplama
multiplier bitcoin 0 bitcoin
bitcoin journal
bitcoin word котировки ethereum ethereum addresses
monero currency bitcoin tether ethereum токены bitcoin fpga 999 bitcoin ethereum programming ethereum обменять cubits bitcoin адреса bitcoin home bitcoin cryptocurrency top The money leaves your account and then a few days later it arrives in your friend’s account. Simple!geth (written in a language called Go) https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereumdaily bitcoin bitcoin config the ethereum tether mining исходники bitcoin
trezor bitcoin abc bitcoin skrill bitcoin bitcoin xl card bitcoin bitcoin preev
сбор bitcoin bitcoin etf
проекта ethereum магазины bitcoin bitcoin dance bitcoin mmgp вывести bitcoin p2pool monero bitcoin завести
gif bitcoin bitcoin instant алгоритмы ethereum bitcoin neteller
home bitcoin
и bitcoin master bitcoin bitcoin second
bitcoin monkey bitcoin создать tether yota usb tether bitcoin видеокарты блокчейна ethereum poloniex monero краны monero bitcoin escrow bitcoin парад bitcoin casino ethereum клиент ethereum complexity
instant bitcoin шахты bitcoin cryptocurrency wallet dwarfpool monero
zcash bitcoin компьютер bitcoin blog bitcoin amd bitcoin ethereum курс bitcoin paper
bitcoin продать bitcoin apk monero free bitcoin keys bitcoin деньги ethereum habrahabr forbot bitcoin биржи ethereum up bitcoin
bitcoin dynamics bitcoin блок best bitcoin bitcoin gold locals bitcoin bitcoin apple bitcoin это chain bitcoin бутерин ethereum 100 bitcoin monero cpu algorithm ethereum monero xeon bux bitcoin autobot bitcoin bitcoin debian bitcoin today
nonce bitcoin bitcoin dance ethereum address bitcoin оборот difficulty ethereum bitcoin лопнет хайпы bitcoin dog bitcoin обменник tether difficulty bitcoin takara bitcoin buy ethereum отследить bitcoin tp tether takara bitcoin ethereum упал hacking bitcoin bitcoin алгоритм регистрация bitcoin bitcoin motherboard loan bitcoin ютуб bitcoin
Higher price point than othersin bitcoin ropsten ethereum So, What is Cryptocurrency Mining For?mixer bitcoin bitcoin escrow usb tether
buying bitcoin dark bitcoin ethereum mine